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Martinique 1870 Banque de la Martinique 1 franc unissued cheque, Saint-Pierre issue, unused condition

Martinique 1870 - Banque de la Martinique 1 Franc Unissued Cheque (Pick P.5A)

An unissued cheque for one franc prepared for the Banque de la Martinique and intended for use at Saint-Pierre, dating from the early period of organized colonial banking on the island. Classified as Pick P.5A, this form represents a non-circulating banking instrument rather than a circulating banknote, designed for internal settlement, account debiting, and controlled monetary transfers within the colonial financial system. Read more →

MartiniqueUnissued Cheque18701 FrancUncirculated Unissued Cheque1 FrancBanque de la MartiniqueColonial Banking InstrumentFrench Colonial FinancePick P.5AColonial Banking HistoryFrench Overseas TerritoriesCaribbean Monetary History19th Century BankingDocumentary Financial InstrumentsSecurity Printing HistoryFrench Engraving TraditionMartinique1870Museum GradeR8 Extremely Rare

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Martinique 1870 Banque de la Martinique 1 franc cheque recovered from the ruins of Saint-Pierre after the 1902 Mount Pelée eruption, with contemporary handwritten provenance notes

Martinique 1870 - Banque de la Martinique 1 Franc Cheque Recovered After the 1902 Mount Pelée Eruption (Pick P.5A)

A Banque de la Martinique one franc cheque form, Pick P.5A, originally printed for use at Saint-Pierre during the late nineteenth century and later recovered from the ruins of the city following the catastrophic eruption of Mount Pelée on 8 May 1902. Although printed decades earlier as part of the bank’s standardized cheque issue, this surviving example was never negotiated as a financial instrument and instead entered history as a disaster-recovery relic, explicitly identified as such by contemporary handwritten annotations. Read more →

MartiniqueDisaster Recovery Cheque18701 FrancVery Fine Disaster Recovery Cheque1 FrancBanque de la MartiniqueMount Pelee EruptionSaint Pierre DestructionColonial Bank RuinsPick P.5AColonial Banking HistoryFrench Overseas TerritoriesCaribbean Monetary HistoryNineteenth Century BankingDisaster Recovered ArtifactDocumentary Financial InstrumentsSecurity Printing HistoryFrench Engraving TraditionMartinique18701902Museum GradeR9 Extremely RareUniqueAnnotationsHandwritten Annotations

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Portugal 1799 Real Erario 20000 reis apólice issued in Lisboa, serial number 37723 in red, blind embossed seal on the face, no red overprint present, with multiple official ink seals on the reverse

Portugal 1799 - Real Erario 20000 Reis Apólice, Original Issue, No Overprint, Lisboa No. 37723

This example belongs to the original issue phase of Portuguese treasury apolices and predates the period commonly associated with the War of the Brothers. It was produced under stable royal administration as part of the established pre-war fiscal system. That context is important: later conflict-period instruments frequently show different validation practices, heavier fiscal markings, and systematic overprinting linked to wartime controls. Read more →

PortugalPublic Debt Bond179920000 ReisVery Fine Public Debt BondApolice20000 ReisPayable to BearerBlind Embossed SealMultiple Reverse SealsNo OverprintOriginal IssuePre War of the BrothersReal ErarioLisboaPortuguese Treasury FinanceRoyal Era Fiscal PaperEighteenth Century State DebtAdministrative Validation SealsFiscal Control HistorySecurity Printing HistoryPortuguese Monetary HistoryPortugal17991811Museum GradeR9 Extremely RareTreasury BondShort-Term Treasury BondOne-Year MaturityInterest-Bearing DebtCirculating Treasury PaperFiduciary Paper MoneyEarly Portuguese Paper MoneyCirculating Public DebtGovernment Debt InstrumentPublic Loan InstrumentTreasury BillShort-Term Government DebtOne-Year Treasury InstrumentBearer Treasury NotePortuguese Paper MoneyEarly Paper CurrencyRoyal Treasury NoteInterest-Bearing Treasury NoteState Debt PaperCirculating Government DebtHistoric Treasury InstrumentGovernment BondSovereign DebtRoyal Treasury BondTreasury DebtBearer BondGovernment Paper MoneyCirculating BondPublic Debt InstrumentPortuguese Government DebtPortuguese Treasury BondPortuguese Treasury Bill18th Century Paper Money18th Century Government DebtEarly Government PaperHistoric Public DebtRoyal Erario BondReal Erario ApolicePortuguese Apolice1799 Portugal1799 Treasury Bond1799 Treasury Bill20000 Reis Apolice20000 Reis Treasury Bond20000 Reis Treasury Bill

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Brazil Imperial Treasury ten mil réis contemporary counterfeit, Pick A231x, PMG 64 EPQ Choice Uncirculated, period forgery from the Dom Pedro II era

Brazil ca. 1852–1870 - Imperial Treasury of Brazil 10 Mil Réis Contemporary Counterfeit (Pick A231x)

This example is exceptional for its state of preservation. Most contemporary counterfeits survive today only in heavily worn condition, having circulated extensively and often been destroyed once detected. By contrast, this note remains in Choice Uncirculated condition with Exceptional Paper Quality. The EPQ designation confirms original paper integrity, intact fibers, and the absence of chemical processing or restoration, conditions rarely encountered in circulating forgeries of this era. Read more →

BrazilContemporary Counterfeit185210 Mil RéisPMG 64 EPQ Choice Uncirculated Contemporary CounterfeitImperial Treasury of BrazilEmpire of Brazil10 Mil RéisPeriod ForgeryExceptional Paper QualityEPQTop PopNineteenth Century CurrencyBrazilian EmpireDom Pedro II EraMonetary Security HistoryCounterfeit StudiesBrazil18521870Pick A231xPMGPMG 64 EPQR7 RareCondition R8 Extremely RareMuseum Grade

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Uruguay 1871 Banco de Londres y Rio de la Plata 10 Pesos face proof, obverse-only engraving proof, PCGS 61 New

Uruguay 1871 - Banco de Londres y Rio de la Plata 10 Pesos Face Proof (Pick S239p)

This face proof represents the 10 Pesos issue prepared for the Banco de Londres y Rio de la Plata in 1871. Pulled from the completed face plate during the engraving and plate-approval process, it records the finalized obverse design before serial numbering, circulation signatures, and full production. The piece preserves the technical stage at which the engraved face could be examined for layout, portrait work, lettering, denomination placement, line quality, and overall printing balance. Read more →

UruguayFace Proof187110 PesosPCGS 61 New Face ProofObverse OnlyEngraving Approval ProofPrinter Reference ProofBanco de Londres y Rio de la PlataNineteenth Century Security PrintingLatin American Banknote ProductionPlate Development ProcessPre Issue Production ArtifactUruguay1871MontevideoPick S239pMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1933 Any City U.S.A. City and County Scrip Five Dollars specimen with brown engraved design, serial 0000, generic municipal master form, Great Depression era

United States 1933 - Any City, U.S.A. 5 Dollars City and County Scrip Specimen (Generic Municipal Master Form)

During the banking crisis of 1933, municipalities across the United States encountered simultaneous failures of cash circulation, delayed tax receipts, and restricted access to credit markets. In response, local governments turned to municipal scrip as a legally recognized means of meeting payroll obligations, settling accounts, and maintaining basic services. Generic master forms such as this were created to accelerate that process, allowing cities to implement approved scrip issues without the time and expense required for bespoke engraving and legal drafting. Read more →

United StatesMunicipal Scrip Specimen19335 DollarsUncirculated Specimen City and County ScripMunicipal ScripAny City IssueGeneric Municipal Master FormInterest Bearing Instrument5 DollarsBrown Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number 0000Guilloche Security MedallionE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingPrivate Banknote PrinterDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionEmergency CurrencyMunicipal Debt InstrumentUnited States Monetary HistoryMunicipal Scrip HistoryUnited States1933Pick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1934 New Jersey Atlantic County School Scrip Ten Dollars specimen with red engraved design, serial P0000, interest bearing county school tax instrument, Great Depression era

United States 1934 - New Jersey 10 Dollars County of Atlantic School Scrip Specimen (November 1 Issue)

Unlike informal emergency substitutes or privately issued local notes, this instrument was grounded in a defined statutory and administrative framework. The engraved certificate explicitly states that the County of Atlantic was holding nine thousand one hundred eighty-five dollars in obligations of the Borough of Longport, New Jersey, received on account of the nineteen thirty-three state school tax. These obligations were pledged as security for payment to bearer, embedding the scrip within an intergovernmental structure linking municipal debt, county administration, and state-mandated education funding. Read more →

United StatesMunicipal Scrip Specimen193410 DollarsUncirculated Specimen School ScripCounty School ScripSchool Tax InstrumentInterest Bearing Instrument10 DollarsRed Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number P0000Guilloche Security MedallionE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingPrivate Banknote PrinterDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionSchool Finance HistoryCounty-Level ScripMunicipal Debt InstrumentNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1934New JerseyAtlantic CountyPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1933 New Jersey Borough of Palmyra Municipal Scrip Five Dollars specimen, brown engraved design, serial V0000, general obligation borough instrument

United States 1933 - New Jersey 5 Dollars Borough of Palmyra Municipal Scrip Specimen (General Obligation)

Municipal scrip functioned as a direct acknowledgment of indebtedness by the issuing authority, intended for local circulation or settlement rather than long-term financing. In Palmyra’s case, the scrip was structured as a general obligation of the borough, transferable by delivery and bearing interest at the rate of three percent per annum from the date of issue. It was expressly acceptable in payment of taxes or other indebtedness to the borough, with redemption to be fixed by the Borough Council, integrating it directly into the municipality’s fiscal system. Read more →

United StatesMunicipal Scrip Specimen19335 DollarsUncirculated Specimen Municipal ScripBorough Issued ScripGeneral ObligationInterest Bearing Instrument5 DollarsBrown Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number V0000Guilloche Security MedallionE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionMunicipal Finance HistoryNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1933New JerseyBurlington CountyPalmyraPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1935 New Jersey Borough of Palmyra Municipal Scrip One Dollar specimen, blue engraved design, serial A0000, general obligation borough instrument

United States 1935 - New Jersey 1 Dollar Borough of Palmyra Municipal Scrip Specimen (General Obligation)

Municipal scrip differed from tax anticipation notes and formal bond issues in that it functioned as a direct acknowledgment of indebtedness by the issuing municipality, intended for circulation or settlement within the local economy. In Palmyra’s case, the scrip was structured as a general obligation of the borough, transferable by delivery and bearing interest at the rate of three percent per annum from the date of issue. It was expressly acceptable in payment of taxes or other indebtedness to the borough, or redeemable on a date to be fixed by the Borough Council, embedding it directly into the municipality’s fiscal operations. Read more →

United StatesMunicipal Scrip Specimen19351 DollarUncirculated Specimen Municipal ScripBorough Issued ScripGeneral ObligationInterest Bearing Instrument1 DollarBlue Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number A0000Guilloche Security MedallionE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionMunicipal Finance HistoryNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1935New JerseyBurlington CountyPalmyraPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1934 New Jersey City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note One Dollar Recovery Bond specimen, green engraved design, serial A0000, Depression era municipal bond instrument

United States 1934 - New Jersey 1 Dollar City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note Recovery Bond Specimen (March 31 Issue)

This specimen represents an official municipal tax anticipation note issued by the City of Asbury Park, New Jersey, dated March 31, 1934, and denominated One Dollar. Explicitly titled TAX ANTICIPATION NOTE OF 1934 and further identified on the design as a RECOVERY BOND, the instrument forms part of a structured municipal financing program implemented during the depth of the Great Depression, when local governments faced severe cash shortages and unstable revenue collection. Read more →

United StatesTax Anticipation Note Specimen19341 DollarUncirculated Specimen Tax Anticipation NoteRecovery BondMunicipal Bond InstrumentCity Issued Obligation1 DollarGreen Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number A0000Municipal SealE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionTax Anticipation FinancingMunicipal Recovery ProgramsNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1934New JerseyAsbury ParkPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1934 New Jersey City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note Five Dollars Recovery Bond specimen, orange engraved design, serial B0000, Depression era municipal bond instrument

United States 1934 - New Jersey 5 Dollars City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note Recovery Bond Specimen (March 31 Issue)

The engraved legal text states that the City of Asbury Park, a municipal corporation of the State of New Jersey, for value received acknowledges itself indebted and promises to pay to bearer the sum of Five Dollars. The note was issued at the office of the City Treasurer and does not bear interest prior to maturity, reflecting its intended role as a short-term obligation to be redeemed or offset promptly against incoming tax receipts. It is expressly acceptable in payment for and discharge of any taxes thereafter payable to the city, reinforcing its function as both a debt instrument and a fiscal settlement medium. Read more →

United StatesTax Anticipation Note Specimen19345 DollarsUncirculated Specimen Tax Anticipation NoteRecovery BondMunicipal Bond InstrumentCity Issued Obligation5 DollarsOrange Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintSerial Number B0000Municipal SealE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionTax Anticipation FinancingMunicipal Recovery ProgramsNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1934New JerseyAsbury ParkPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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United States 1934 New Jersey City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note Ten Dollars Recovery Bond specimen, black engraved design, serial C0000, Depression era municipal bond instrument

United States 1934 - New Jersey 10 Dollars City of Asbury Park Tax Anticipation Note Recovery Bond Specimen (March 31 Issue)

The engraved legal text states that the City of Asbury Park, a municipal corporation of the State of New Jersey, for value received acknowledges itself indebted and promises to pay to bearer the sum of Ten Dollars. The note was issued at the office of the City Treasurer and does not bear interest prior to maturity, a feature typical of short-term anticipation instruments designed to circulate or be redeemed quickly upon receipt of tax revenues. The note is expressly acceptable in payment for and discharge of any taxes thereafter payable to the city, reinforcing its role as a bridge between municipal obligation and taxpayer settlement. Read more →

United StatesTax Anticipation Note Specimen193410 DollarsUncirculated Specimen Tax Anticipation NoteRecovery BondMunicipal Bond InstrumentCity Issued Obligation10 DollarsBlack Engraved NoteSpecimen OverprintRed OverprintSerial Number C0000Municipal SealE. A. Wright Bank Note CompanySecurity PrintingDepression Era PrintingMunicipal Finance InstrumentGreat DepressionTax Anticipation FinancingMunicipal Recovery ProgramsNew Jersey Monetary HistoryUnited States Fiscal HistoryUnited States1934New JerseyAsbury ParkPick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique

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