Description and research notes
This 20 Pesos Bolivianos remainder was prepared in 1867 for Oxandaburu y Garvino of Gualeguaychu, Entre Rios, and preserves a substantially different design and printing program from the lower denominations of the same partnership issue. The note carries serial number 008371 and survives with its attached printer or accounting extension, complete multicolor face, and fully printed reverse.
Across the face, the issuer appears prominently as OXANDABURU Y GARVINO. The name records the same GARVINO spelling used on the partnership's early 1867 currency, although the partner's surname was Domingo Luis Garbino. This plate spelling became a defining feature of the first Oxandaburu partnership issues and provides a direct visual connection with the 5 Pesos Bolivianos remainder of the same year.
The principal monetary text states PAGARAN AL PORTADOR Y A LA VISTA and identifies the denomination as VEINTE PESOS BOLIVIANOS. Gualeguaychu, Diciembre 1 de 1867 appears at the right, while the blue serial number 008371 is positioned prominently within the central field. Large red 20 denomination devices are repeated throughout the design against an extensive green security framework.
The central vignette presents a detailed rural social scene showing two gaucho figures with a woman in an interior or working environment. The composition gives the denomination a strongly regional character and places everyday Argentine rural life at the center of the note's visual identity. The red engraved vignette is integrated into green geometric underprinting and surrounded by repeated numerical 20 devices, ornamental borders, denomination lettering, and fine security patterns.
The printing uses a vivid red-and-green palette. Red lettering, counters, denomination devices, and the central vignette sit over a broad green security field containing repeating geometric structures and micro-patterned ornament. This multicolor treatment produces a substantially different visual character from the 5 Pesos Bolivianos remainder and documents a separate production approach within the same 1867 banking series.
The note was printed by Litografia San Martin in Buenos Aires, whose imprint appears along the lower margin. Its production represents local Argentine security printing during a period when private issuers could obtain banknote work from both domestic lithographic establishments and major foreign engraving firms. The 20 Pesos therefore records an important local-printing component within the Oxandaburu y Garvino series.
The reverse is fully printed in a restrained brown tone. A large central 20 is enclosed by ornamental structures, with VEINTE PESOS extending horizontally through the middle and OXANDABURU Y GARVINO and GUALEGUAYCHU incorporated into the surrounding design. Additional 20 counters occupy the corners, creating a symmetrical denomination-focused reverse built almost entirely from typography, numerical devices, and fine patterned security work.
The denomination in Pesos Bolivianos reflects the monetary conditions of the Argentine interior during the 1860s, when Bolivian silver circulated extensively and provided an accepted standard for regional commerce. Expressing a private bank obligation directly in pesos bolivianos connected the paper instrument with the metallic monetary system already familiar to merchants and the public in Entre Rios and neighboring commercial networks.
The 1867 Oxandaburu y Garvino issue forms the earlier stage of a short institutional progression preserved elsewhere in this collection. Two years later, the corrected GARBINO spelling appears on Banco Domingo Garbino notes denominated in Pesos Fuertes and activated for circulation through prominent red DOMINGO GARBINO overprints. Together, these notes document the transition from the Oxandaburu partnership and GARVINO plate spelling to the later Banco Domingo Garbino identity.
As a remainder, the note preserves the complete printed form without final execution for circulation. The unsigned state, intact face design, printed reverse, serial numbering, and surviving attached format provide a direct record of the production stage at which the note existed before formal banking completion.
Pick S1778r, this 1867 20 Pesos Bolivianos remainder documents the GARVINO-spelling phase of the Oxandaburu partnership through a locally printed two-sided note combining serial number 008371, red-and-green security printing, a gaucho social vignette, full denomination reverse, Gualeguaychu issue language, and Litografia San Martin production.
Related examples in this collection: Oxandaburu y Garvino 5 Pesos Bolivianos Remainder, Banco Domingo Garbino 1 Peso Fuerte Issued Note with Red Overprint, Banco Domingo Garbino 5 Pesos Fuertes Issued Note with Red Overprint.