Results for “history”
Uruguay 1939 Banco de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay 1000 Pesos specimen, Serie C, Specimen No. 2, Pick 41bs, with all-zero serial numbers, diagonal red SPECIMEN overprints, red oval specimen stamps, portrait and watermark of Jose Gervasio Artigas, and mounted rider reverse, graded PMG 63 Choice Uncirculated

Uruguay 1939 - Banco de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay 1000 Pesos Specimen, Printed Cancel, Serie C, Specimen No. 2 (Pick 41bs)

Across the obverse, the issuer's authority is stated in exceptionally prominent form. REPUBLICA ORIENTAL DEL URUGUAY stretches across the upper center, while MIL PESOS occupies the central ornamental panel. The obligation text and reference to the law of 2 January 1939 establish the note within the legal structure of the issue, making the design both a monetary instrument and a printed declaration of state-backed value. Read more →

UruguaySpecimen with Red Overprint and Oval Stamps19391000 PesosPMG 63 Choice Uncirculated Specimen1000 PesosSerie CSpecimen No 2Low Specimen NumberAll Zero Serial NumbersRed SPECIMEN OverprintRed Oval Specimen StampsJose Gervasio Artigas PortraitJose Gervasio Artigas WatermarkEquestrian ReverseBanco de la Republica Oriental del UruguayThomas De La Rue and Company LimitedIntaglio PrintingSecurity EngravingGuilloche DesignWatermarked PaperPrinted Specimen CancellationNumbered Reference SpecimenUruguay Monetary HistoryLaw of 2 January 1939High Denomination CurrencyState BankingEarly Specimen SequenceBanknote Production HistoryHistoryUruguay19391000 PesosPick 41bsPick 41bPMG 63R8 Extremely RareMuseum Grade
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United States 1854 Empire City Bank 100 Dollars proof note, Collins Line steamship vignette, blank reverse with American Bank Note Company archival stamp, PMG Uncirculated 62 EPQ

United States 1854 - Empire City Bank 100 Dollars Proof (Pick NY1585G16P)

The Empire City Bank was organized in 1851 and operated during a highly unstable phase of New York banking history, characterized by aggressive credit expansion and the absence of a central banking authority. In early December 1854 the bank failed to meet its Clearing House obligations and was suspended, with formal receivership following in February 1855. Proof material associated with the bank must therefore predate its suspension, firmly placing this note within the closing chapter of the bank’s active life. Read more →

history
United StatesProof1854100 DollarsPMG Uncirculated 62 EPQ ProofProof Banknote100 DollarsHigh DenominationEmpire City BankABNCAmerican Bank Note CompanyArchival ProofPunch of CancellationAmerican Private BankingPre Civil War CurrencyNew York Banking HistoryNineteenth Century BankingSecurity Printing HistoryCollins Line Steamer VignetteUnited States1854Pick NY1585G16PPMG 62Museum GradeR8 Extremely Rare
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United States 1838 Olney Alabama uncut remainder sheet with 25 cents, 50 cents, and 1 dollar notes printed by Manly and Orr, deckled bottom margin, PCGS Banknote Very Fine 25

United States 1838 - Olney, Alabama 25 Cents, 50 Cents, 1 Dollar Uncut Sheet Remainder

Each note bears a promise to pay George Washington or bearer in bills of the Bank of the State of Alabama, or its branches, once the aggregate amount of five dollars was presented. This conditional redemption structure reflects the widespread use of fractional and small denomination scrip during the late 1830s, when shortages of hard money and economic instability following the Panic of 1837 forced communities to rely on paper substitutes for everyday transactions. Read more →

United StatesRemainder183825 Cents, 50 Cents, 1 DollarPCGS Banknote Very Fine 25 RemainderUncut Sheet25 Cents50 Cents1 DollarFractional CurrencyStock EngravingManly and OrrDeckled EdgeAntebellum CurrencyPanic of 1837 EraLocal ScripUnofficial IssuerAlabama Monetary HistoryEarly American PrintingUnited StatesAlabamaOlney1838Gunther and Derby AO-386PCGS 25Museum GradeR8 Extremely Rare
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Italy 1781 Regie Finanze di Torino five scudi front proof sheet with two impressions from plate 1 and plate 2, visible plate numbers, deep intaglio bite, unique surviving proof sheet

Italy 1781 - Regie Finanze di Torino 5 Scudi Front Proof Sheet (Pick Unlisted)

This sheet contains two impressions of the five scudi front design produced from plates one and two and printed under full intaglio pressure on official paper stock. Plate identifiers are present within the design, confirming systematic plate-based production rather than decorative or commemorative printing. The impressions exhibit deep plate bite visible from the verso, consistent with working proof material. Read more →

ItalyProof17815 ScudiUncirculated ProofFront ProofProof Sheet5 ScudiRegie Finanze di TorinoPlate NumberedPlate 1Plate 2Kingdom of SardiniaSavoyard State FinanceEighteenth Century CurrencyItalian State Paper MoneyPre Central Bank EraSecurity Printing HistoryItaly1781Pick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely RareUniqueUnique Proof Sheet
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Italy Regie Finanze di Torino 100 lire back proof sheet in pre-date control state from plate 2, full margins, undated control framework

Italy 1745 - Regie Finanze di Torino - 100 Lire Back Proof, Pre-Date Control State (Pick Unlisted)

The engraved design is concentrated in the upper portion of the sheet. A double denomination cartouche marked 100 appears near the upper border. Below it, the central device consists of a Savoyard cross within a wreath-like enclosure, engraved with dense linear detail and surrounded by scrollwork that integrates into the lower border. At the right, a stacked calligraphic authority block is fully engraved, reading Maestro Auditore, Maestro Auditore, Tesoriere generale, and Controllore della Tesoreria, aligned vertically within the frame. Read more →

ItalyBack Proof1745100 LireUncirculated ProofBack ProofPre-Date Control State100 LireRegie Finanze di TorinoPlate 2Control FrameworkKingdom of SardiniaSavoyard State FinanceEighteenth Century CurrencyItalian State Paper MoneyPre Central Bank EraSecurity Printing HistoryItaly1745Museum GradeR9 Extremely RareUniquePick Unlisted
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Italy Regie Finanze di Torino 100 lire back proof sheet dated 1746 from plate 2, showing crowned Savoyard shield, laurel wreath, denomination cartouches, full legal text, and complete ornamental frame

Italy 1746 - Regie Finanze di Torino - 100 Lire Back Proof, Fixed-Date Control State (Pick Unlisted)

The sheet format preserves full margins and original plate context, confirming that the impression was never prepared for circulation or cutting. No serial numbers, handwritten entries, signatures, or issuance markings are present. This fixed-date back proof sheet therefore records a finalized control stage within the production process of the one hundred lire issue while remaining a non-issued proof artifact. Read more →

ItalyBack Proof1746100 LireUncirculated ProofBack ProofFixed-Date Control State100 LireRegie Finanze di TorinoPlate 2Control FrameworkKingdom of SardiniaSavoyard State FinanceEighteenth Century CurrencyItalian State Paper MoneyPre Central Bank EraSecurity Printing HistoryItaly1746Pick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely Rare
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Italy Regie Finanze di Torino 100 lire front proof sheet from plate 2 dated 1765 showing landscape vignette with Savoyard shield, obligation text panels, denomination inscriptions, and full ornamental frame

Italy 1765 - Regie Finanze di Torino - 100 Lire Front Proof, Final Face State (Pick Unlisted)

The sheet format preserves full margins and original plate context, confirming that the impression was never prepared for circulation or cutting. This front proof sheet records the finalized face design of the one hundred lire issue as prepared for state use while remaining a non-issued proof artifact. Read more →

ItalyProof1765100 LireUncirculated ProofFront ProofFinal Face State100 LireRegie Finanze di TorinoPlate 2Kingdom of SardiniaSavoyard State FinanceEighteenth Century CurrencyItalian State Paper MoneyPre Central Bank EraSecurity Printing HistoryItaly1765Pick UnlistedMuseum GradeR9 Extremely Rare
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Cayman Islands Currency Board unissued photographic back proof for the one dollar denomination, circa 1970, showing a fully developed ornamental reverse design prepared as a standalone security printing surface

Cayman Islands 1970 - Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 Dollar Unissued Back Photographic Proof

The design presented here is organized around a symmetrical ornamental framework, with balanced cartouches and patterned fields arranged to stabilize the visual field and discourage counterfeiting. Line density, border weight, and spacing are carefully regulated, reflecting late twentieth century security printing standards in which photographic and photo-engraved proofs were employed to assess tonal contrast, line fidelity, and overall coherence before any final production decisions were made. Read more →

Cayman IslandsUnissued Design Proof19701 DollarPCGS 62 Unissued Design ProofPhotographic ProofBack ProofSecurity Printing1 DollarCurrency Board IssueBritish Caribbean Monetary HistoryLate Colonial Currency SystemsCurrency Design and Approval ProcessSecurity Printing HistoryCayman Islands1970Pick UnlistedPCGS 62Museum GradeR9 Extremely RareUnique
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Cayman Islands Currency Board one dollar issued note dated 1974, Pick 5e, serial prefix A/6 number 105218, Queen Elizabeth the Second portrait and Cayman Islands coat of arms on the obverse, marine vignette on the reverse, PMG 67 Exceptional Paper Quality holder

Cayman Islands 1974 - Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 Dollar Issued Note (Pick 5e)

A key technical feature of this type is the turtle watermark, explicitly recorded on the PMG label. Watermark choices on small denomination notes in currency board systems were rarely arbitrary. They functioned as an easily testable authenticity marker for cash-handling environments while also serving as a national symbol suited to Cayman’s maritime identity. The combination of watermark, serial-prefix control, and De La Rue’s engraved framework reflects a mature security printing logic aimed at everyday circulation durability. Read more →

Cayman IslandsIssued Note19741 DollarPMG 67 EPQ Issued Note1 DollarSerial Prefix A/6Serial Number 105218A. Jefferson SignatureTurtle WatermarkExceptional Paper QualityThomas De La Rue and Company LimitedCayman Islands Currency BoardCayman Islands Currency Law 1974British Overseas Territory CurrencyCurrency Board Monetary SystemLate Twentieth Century Security PrintingCaribbean Monetary HistoryCayman Islands19741985PMG 67 EPQMuseum GradePick 5e
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Cayman Islands Currency Board one dollar issued note, Pick 5d, serial prefix A/5 number 997069, Queen Elizabeth the Second portrait and coat of arms on the obverse, marine reef vignette on the reverse, PMG 68 Exceptional Paper Quality Top Pop

Cayman Islands 1974 - Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 Dollar Issued Note (Pick 5d)

Certified PMG 68 Exceptional Paper Quality, this example represents the highest graded level recorded for this type, with no examples graded higher. The Top Pop designation is not incidental: it preserves the original sharpness of the engraved lines, exceptional paper surface integrity, and full design contrast on both faces. As such, this note stands as a reference-quality survivor of a common circulation issue, distinguished not by rarity but by technical preservation and its association with the Jefferson-signed printing phase of the Cayman Islands one dollar series. Read more →

Cayman IslandsIssued Note19741 DollarPMG 68 EPQ Superb Gem Uncirculated (Top Pop) Issued Note1 DollarSerial Prefix A/5Serial Number 997069A. Jefferson SignatureTurtle WatermarkExceptional Paper QualityThomas De La Rue and Company LimitedCayman Islands Currency BoardCayman Islands Currency Law 1974British Overseas Territory CurrencyCurrency Board Monetary SystemLate Twentieth Century Security PrintingCaribbean Monetary HistoryCayman Islands19741985PMG 68 EPQTop PopMuseum GradePick 5d
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Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 dollar specimen with red diagonal SPECIMEN overprint, two oval De La Rue NO VALUE control stamps, specimen number 024, serial prefix A/3 with all-zero serial and control number 024, single punch hole cancellation in the signature area, engraved signature of A. Jefferson as Chairman, turtle watermark, Pick 5bs, PMG 64 holder

Cayman Islands 1974 - Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 Dollar Specimen with Red Overprint & Oval Stamp (Pick 5bs)

The obverse preserves the complete finalized production design of the issued one dollar note, including the engraved portrait of Queen Elizabeth the Second at right and the central denomination panel incorporating the Cayman Islands coat of arms. Beneath the central panel appears the engraved signature of A. Jefferson, serving as Chairman of the Cayman Islands Currency Board at the time this specimen was prepared, confirming that the reference note reflects the fully authorized legal form of the currency despite its permanent invalidation. Read more →

Cayman IslandsSpecimen with Red Overprint & Oval Stamp19741 DollarPMG 64 SpecimenSpecimen with Red OverprintRed OverprintOval NO VALUE StampDe La Rue Control StampsPunch CancelledSpecimen Tracking PanelSpecimen No. 024Serial Prefix A/3All Zero Serial NumberA. Jefferson SignatureTurtle Watermark1 DollarThomas De La Rue and Company LimitedCayman Islands Currency BoardCayman Islands Currency Law 1974Currency Board Monetary SystemBritish Overseas Territory CurrencySecurity Printing HistorySpecimen Control ProceduresCaribbean Monetary HistoryCayman Islands19741985PMG 64Museum GradePick 5bs
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Cayman Islands Currency Board one dollar specimen note with large perforated inscription reading SPECIMEN OF NO VALUE, serial prefix A/3 with all-zero serial number, engraved signature of A. Jefferson as Chairman, Queen Elizabeth the Second portrait on the obverse and marine reef vignette on the reverse, Pick 5bs, PMG 64 holder

Cayman Islands 1974 - Cayman Islands Currency Board 1 Dollar Specimen with Perforated 'SPECIMEN OF NO VALUE' (Pick 5bs)

The defining feature of this specimen is a large dot-matrix perforation reading “SPECIMEN OF NO VALUE” applied across the face of the note. This perforation constitutes a permanent and irreversible invalidation method, distinct from inked overprints, oval control stamps, or punch cancellations used on other specimen formats. Perforated cancellation of this type was employed by De La Rue to ensure that fully authorized reference material could never be reintroduced into monetary circulation. Read more →

Cayman IslandsSpecimen with Perforated 'SPECIMEN OF NO VALUE'19741 DollarPMG 64 SpecimenPerforatedPerforated 'SPECIMEN OF NO VALUE'All Zero Serial NumberA. Jefferson SignatureSerial Prefix A/3Turtle WatermarkThomas De La Rue and Company Limited1 DollarCayman Islands Currency BoardCayman Islands Currency Law 1974British Overseas Territory CurrencyCurrency Board Monetary SystemLate Twentieth Century Security PrintingSpecimen Control ProceduresCaribbean Monetary HistoryCayman Islands19741985PMG 64Museum GradePick 5bs
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